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Arminius (Bruch) : ウィキペディア英語版
Arminius (Bruch)

''Arminius'' (op. 43) is an oratorio by the German composer Max Bruch. Bruch wrote the work between 1875 and 1877 during the consolidation of the newly founded German Empire. He picked the story revolving around Arminius and the Cherusci-led defeat of three Roman legions in the Teutoburg Forest in 9 A.D., which served as a German national myth from the 16th to the early 20th century.〔Howard E. Smither, ''A History of the Oratorio: The oratorio in the nineteenth and twentieth Centuries'', The University of North Carolina Press, p. 107.〕
== History ==

Since the rediscovery of Tacitus's ''Germania'' in the 16th century, Germans have exalted the Germanic tribes as their direct ancestors. They especially praised German liberty defended by Arminius in 9 A.D. when three legions of the Roman Empire were defeated on Germanic soil, thus putting an end to Roman plans to subjugate Germania.〔Alexander Schmidt, ''Vaterlandsliebe Und Religionskonflikt: Politische Diskurse Im Alten Reich'', Brill Publishers, p. 125.〕
This national myth inspired several poets and composers, amongst others Georg Friedrich Händel, Daniel Caspar von Lohenstein, Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock and Heinrich von Kleist, to dedicate their works to Arminius and to the battle that preserved German liberty.〔Ernst Baltrusch, Morten Hegewisch, Michael Meyer, Uwe Puschner, Christian Wendt (ed.). ''2000 Jahre Varusschlacht: Geschichte – Archäologie – Legenden'', De Gruyter, p. 67.〕
After the foundation of the German Empire in 1871, the interest in this story was renewed. The erection of the Hermannsdenkmal and the Hermann Heights Monument〔Ernst Baltrusch, Morten Hegewisch, Michael Meyer, Uwe Puschner, Christian Wendt (ed.). ''2000 Jahre Varusschlacht: Geschichte – Archäologie – Legenden'', De Gruyter, p. 267.〕 and the renaissance of general interest in Germanic culture (f.ex. in Richard Wagner's ''Ring'' tetralogy) took place during this era.

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